483 lines
27 KiB
HTML
483 lines
27 KiB
HTML
<head>
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<title>map(1) - Plan 9 from User Space</title>
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<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv=Content-Type>
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</head>
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<body bgcolor=#ffffff>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=100%>
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<tr height=10><td>
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<tr><td width=20><td>
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<tr><td width=20><td><b>MAP(1)</b><td align=right><b>MAP(1)</b>
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<tr><td width=20><td colspan=2>
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<br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>NAME </b></font><br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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map, mapdemo, mapd – draw maps on various projections<br>
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</table>
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<p><font size=+1><b>SYNOPSIS </b></font><br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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<tt><font size=+1>map</font></tt> <i>projection</i> [ <i>option ...</i> ]
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>mapdemo
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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</font></tt>
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</table>
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<p><font size=+1><b>DESCRIPTION </b></font><br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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<i>Map</i> prepares on the standard output a map suitable for display
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by any plotting filter described in <a href="../man1/plot.html"><i>plot</i>(1)</a>. A menu of projections
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is produced in response to an unknown <i>projection</i>. <i>Mapdemo</i> is a
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short course in mapping.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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The default data for <i>map</i> are world shorelines. Option <tt><font size=+1>−f</font></tt> accesses
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more detailed data classified by feature.<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>−f</font></tt> [ <i>feature</i> ... ]<br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Features are ranked 1 (default) to 4 from major to minor. Higher-numbered
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ranks include all lower-numbered ones. Features are<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>shore</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>4</font></tt>] seacoasts, lakes, and islands; option <tt><font size=+1>−f</font></tt> always shows
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<tt><font size=+1>shore1<br>
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ilake</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>2</font></tt>] intermittent lakes<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>river</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>4</font></tt>] rivers<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>iriver</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>3</font></tt>] intermittent rivers<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>canal</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>3</font></tt>]<tt><font size=+1> 3</font></tt>=irrigation canals<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>glacier<br>
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iceshelf</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>12</font></tt>]<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>reef<br>
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saltpan</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>12</font></tt>]<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>country</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>3</font></tt>]<tt><font size=+1> 2</font></tt>=disputed boundaries, <tt><font size=+1>3</font></tt>=indefinite boundaries<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>state</font></tt> states and provinces (US and Canada only)<br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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</table>
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In other options coordinates are in degrees, with north latitude
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and west longitude counted as positive.<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> <i>S N E W<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Set the southern and northern latitude and the eastern and western
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longitude limits. Missing arguments are filled out from the list
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–90, 90, –180, 180, or lesser limits suitable to the projection
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at hand.<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−k</font></tt> <i>S N E W<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Set the scale as if for a map with limits <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> <i>S N E W</i> . Do not
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consider any <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt> option in setting scale.<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−o</font></tt> <i>lat lon rot<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Orient the map in a nonstandard position. Imagine a transparent
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gridded sphere around the globe. Turn the overlay about the North
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Pole so that the Prime Meridian (longitude 0) of the overlay coincides
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with meridian <i>lon</i> on the globe. Then tilt the North Pole of the
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overlay along its Prime Meridian to latitude <i>lat
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</i>on the globe. Finally again turn the overlay about its ‘North
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Pole’ so that its Prime Meridian coincides with the previous position
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of meridian <i>rot</i>. Project the map in the standard form appropriate
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to the overlay, but presenting information from the underlying
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globe. Missing arguments are filled out from the list
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90, 0, 0. In the absence of <tt><font size=+1>−</font></tt>o<tt><font size=+1>,</font></tt> the orientation is 90, 0, <i>m</i>, where
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<i>m</i> is the middle of the longitude range.<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt> <i>S N E W<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Window the map by the specified latitudes and longitudes in the
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tilted, rotated coordinate system. Missing arguments are filled
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out from the list –90, 90, –180, 180. (It is wise to give an encompassing
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<tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> option with <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt>. Otherwise for small windows computing time
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varies inversely with area!)
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−d</font></tt> <i>n</i> For speed, plot only every <i>n</i>th point.<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>−r</font></tt> Reverse left and right (good for star charts and inside-out
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views).<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>−v</font></tt> Verso. Switch to a normally suppressed sheet of the map, such
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as the back side of the earth in orthographic projection.<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>−s1<br>
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−s2</font></tt> Superpose; outputs for a <tt><font size=+1>−s1</font></tt> map (no closing) and a <tt><font size=+1>−s2</font></tt> map
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(no opening) may be concatenated.<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>−g</font></tt> <i>dlat dlon res<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Grid spacings are <i>dlat</i>, <i>dlon</i>. Zero spacing means no grid. Missing
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<i>dlat</i> is taken to be zero. Missing <i>dlon</i> is taken the same as <i>dlat</i>.
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Grid lines are drawn to a resolution of <i>res</i> (2° or less by default).
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In the absence of <tt><font size=+1>−</font></tt>g<tt><font size=+1>,</font></tt> grid spacing is 10°.<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−p</font></tt> <i>lat lon extent<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Position the point <i>lat, lon</i> at the center of the plotting area.
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Scale the map so that the height (and width) of the nominal plotting
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area is <i>extent</i> times the size of one degree of latitude at the
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center. By default maps are scaled and positioned to fit within
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the plotting area. An <i>extent</i> overrides option <tt><font size=+1>−k</font></tt>.
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−c</font></tt> <i>x y rot<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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After all other positioning and scaling operations have been performed,
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rotate the image <i>rot</i> degrees counterclockwise about the center
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and move the center to position <i>x</i>, <i>y</i>, where the nominal plotting
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area is –1≤<i>x</i>≤1, –1≤<i>y</i>≤1. Missing arguments are taken to be 0. <tt><font size=+1>−x</font></tt> Allow
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the map to extend outside the
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nominal plotting area.<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−m</font></tt> [ <i>file</i> ... ]<br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Use map data from named files. If no files are named, omit map
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data. Names that do not exist as pathnames are looked up in a
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standard directory, which contains, in addition to the data for
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<tt><font size=+1>−f</font></tt>,<br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>world</font></tt> World Data Bank I (default)<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>states</font></tt> US map from Census Bureau<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>counties</font></tt> US map from Census Bureau<br>
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The environment variables <tt><font size=+1>MAP</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>MAPDIR</font></tt> change the default map
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and default directory.<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−b</font></tt> [<i>lat0 lon0 lat1 lon1</i>... ]<br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Suppress the drawing of the normal boundary (defined by options
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<tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt>). Coordinates, if present, define the vertices of a
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polygon to which the map is clipped. If only two vertices are
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given, they are taken to be the diagonal of a rectangle. To draw
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the polygon, give its vertices as a <tt><font size=+1>−u</font></tt> track.
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt> <i>file ...<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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The <i>files</i> contain lists of points, given as latitude-longitude
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pairs in degrees. If the first file is named <tt><font size=+1>−</font></tt>, the standard input
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is taken instead. The points of each list are plotted as connected
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‘tracks’.<br>
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Points in a track file may be followed by label strings. A label
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breaks the track. A label may be prefixed by <tt><font size=+1>"</font></tt>, <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt>, or <tt><font size=+1>!</font></tt> and is
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terminated by a newline. An unprefixed string or a string prefixed
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with <tt><font size=+1>"</font></tt> is displayed at the designated point. The first word of
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a <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>!</font></tt> string names a special symbol (see option <tt><font size=+1>−y</font></tt>).
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An optional numerical second word is a scale factor for the size
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of the symbol, 1 by default. A <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt> symbol is aligned with its top
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to the north; a <tt><font size=+1>!</font></tt> symbol is aligned vertically on the page.<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−u</font></tt> <i>file ...<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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Same as <tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt>, except the tracks are unbroken lines. (<tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt> tracks appear
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as dot-dashed lines if the plotting filter supports them.)<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>−y</font></tt> <i>file<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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The <i>file</i> contains <a href="../man7/plot.html"><i>plot</i>(7)</a>-style data for <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>!</font></tt> labels in <tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt> or
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<tt><font size=+1>−u</font></tt> files. Each symbol is defined by a comment <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt><i>name</i> then a sequence
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of <tt><font size=+1>m</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>v</font></tt> commands. Coordinates (0,0) fall on the plotting point.
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Default scaling is as if the nominal plotting range were <tt><font size=+1>ra −1
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−1 1 1</font></tt>; <tt><font size=+1>ra</font></tt> commands in <i>file</i> change the
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scaling.<br>
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</table>
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<p><font size=+1><b>Projections </b></font><br>
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Equatorial projections centered on the Prime Meridian (longitude
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0). Parallels are straight horizontal lines.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>mercator</font></tt> equally spaced straight meridians, conformal, straight
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compass courses<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>sinusoidal</font></tt> equally spaced parallels, equal-area, same as <tt><font size=+1>bonne
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0</font></tt>.<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>cylequalarea</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> equally spaced straight meridians, equal-area,
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true scale on <i>lat0<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>cylindrical</font></tt> central projection on tangent cylinder<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>rectangular</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> equally spaced parallels, equally spaced straight
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meridians, true scale on <i>lat0<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>gall</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> parallels spaced stereographically on prime meridian,
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equally spaced straight meridians, true scale on <i>lat0<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>mollweide</font></tt> (homalographic) equal-area, hemisphere is a circle<br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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<tt><font size=+1>gilbert()</font></tt> sphere conformally mapped on hemisphere and viewed orthographically<br>
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</table>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>gilbert</font></tt> globe mapped conformally on hemisphere, viewed orthographically
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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Azimuthal projections centered on the North Pole. Parallels are
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concentric circles. Meridians are equally spaced radial lines.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>azequidistant</font></tt> equally spaced parallels, true distances from pole<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>azequalarea</font></tt> equal-area<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>gnomonic</font></tt> central projection on tangent plane, straight great circles<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>perspective</font></tt> <i>dist</i> viewed along earth’s axis <i>dist</i> earth radii from
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center of earth<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>orthographic</font></tt> viewed from infinity<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>stereographic</font></tt> conformal, projected from opposite pole<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>laue</font></tt><i>radius</i> = tan(2×<i>colatitude</i>), used in X-ray crystallography<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>fisheye</font></tt> <i>n</i> stereographic seen from just inside medium with refractive
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index <i>n<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>newyorker</font></tt> <i>rradius</i> = log(<i>colatitude</i>/<i>r</i>): <i>New Yorker</i> map from viewing
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pedestal of radius <i>r</i> degrees
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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Polar conic projections symmetric about the Prime Meridian. Parallels
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are segments of concentric circles. Except in the Bonne projection,
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meridians are equally spaced radial lines orthogonal to the parallels.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>conic</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> central projection on cone tangent at <i>lat0<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>simpleconic</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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equally spaced parallels, true scale on <i>lat0</i> and <i>lat1<br>
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</i>
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</table>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>lambert</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1</i> conformal, true scale on <i>lat0</i> and <i>lat1<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>albers</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1</i> equal-area, true scale on <i>lat0</i> and <i>lat1<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>bonne</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> equally spaced parallels, equal-area, parallel <i>lat0</i>
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developed from tangent cone
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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Projections with bilateral symmetry about the Prime Meridian and
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the equator.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>polyconic</font></tt> parallels developed from tangent cones, equally spaced
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along Prime Meridian<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>aitoff</font></tt> equal-area projection of globe onto 2-to-1 ellipse, based
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on <i>azequalarea<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>lagrange</font></tt> conformal, maps whole sphere into a circle<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>bicentric</font></tt> <i>lon0</i> points plotted at true azimuth from two centers
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on the equator at longitudes <i>±lon0</i>, great circles are straight
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lines (a stretched <i>gnomonic</i> )<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>elliptic</font></tt> <i>lon0</i> points plotted at true distance from two centers
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on the equator at longitudes <i>±lon0<br>
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</i><tt><font size=+1>globular</font></tt> hemisphere is circle, circular arc meridians equally spaced
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on equator, circular arc parallels equally spaced on 0- and 90-degree
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meridians<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>vandergrinten</font></tt> sphere is circle, meridians as in <i>globular</i>, circular
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arc parallels resemble <i>mercator
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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</i>
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Doubly periodic conformal projections.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>guyou</font></tt> W and E hemispheres are square<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>square</font></tt> world is square with Poles at diagonally opposite corners<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>tetra</font></tt> map on tetrahedron with edge tangent to Prime Meridian at
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S Pole, unfolded into equilateral triangle<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>hex</font></tt> world is hexagon centered on N Pole, N and S hemispheres are
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equilateral triangles
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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Miscellaneous projections.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>harrison</font></tt> <i>dist angle</i>oblique perspective from above the North Pole,
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<i>dist</i> earth radii from center of earth, looking along the Date
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Line <i>angle</i> degrees off vertical<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>trapezoidal</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1<br>
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</i>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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equally spaced parallels, straight meridians equally spaced along
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parallels, true scale at <i>lat0</i> and <i>lat1</i> on Prime Meridian<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>lune(lat,angle)</font></tt> conformal, polar cap above latitude <i>lat</i> maps to
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convex lune with given <i>angle</i> at 90°E and 90°W
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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</table>
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</table>
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Retroazimuthal projections. At every point the angle between vertical
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and a straight line to ‘Mecca’, latitude <i>lat0</i> on the prime meridian,
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is the true bearing of Mecca.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>mecca</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> equally spaced vertical meridians<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>homing</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> distances to Mecca are true
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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Maps based on the spheroid. Of geodetic quality, these projections
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do not make sense for tilted orientations. For descriptions, see
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corresponding maps above.
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table>
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<tt><font size=+1>sp_mercator<br>
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sp_albers</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1<br>
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</i>
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</table>
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<p><font size=+1><b>EXAMPLES </b></font><br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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<tt><font size=+1>map perspective 1.025 −o 40.75 74<br>
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</font></tt>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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A view looking down on New York from 100 miles (0.025 of the 4000-mile
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earth radius) up. The job can be done faster by limiting the map
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so as not to ‘plot’ the invisible part of the world: <tt><font size=+1>map perspective
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1.025 −o 40.75 74 −l 20 60 30 100</font></tt>. A circular border can be forced
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by adding option
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<tt><font size=+1>−w 77.33</font></tt>. (Latitude 77.33° falls just inside a polar cap of opening
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angle arccos(1/1.025) = 12.6804°.)<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>map mercator −o 49.25 −106 180<br>
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</font></tt>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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An ‘equatorial’ map of the earth centered on New York. The pole
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of the map is placed 90° away (40.75+49.25=90) on the other side
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of the earth. A 180° twist around the pole of the map arranges
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that the ‘Prime Meridian’ of the map runs from the pole of the
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map over the North Pole to New York instead of
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down the back side of the earth. The same effect can be had from
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<tt><font size=+1> map mercator −o 130.75 74<br>
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</font></tt>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>map albers 28 45 −l 20 50 60 130 −m states<br>
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</font></tt>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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A customary curved-latitude map of the United States.<br>
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</table>
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<tt><font size=+1>map harrison 2 30 −l −90 90 120 240 −o 90 0 0<br>
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</font></tt>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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A fan view covering 60° on either side of the Date Line, as seen
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from one earth radius above the North Pole gazing at the earth’s
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limb, which is 30° off vertical. The <tt><font size=+1>−o</font></tt> option overrides the default
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<tt><font size=+1>−o 90 0 180</font></tt>, which would rotate the scene to behind the observer.<br>
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</table>
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</table>
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<p><font size=+1><b>FILES </b></font><br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
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<tt><font size=+1>/lib/map/[1−4]??</font></tt> World Data Bank II, for <tt><font size=+1>−f<br>
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/lib/map/*</font></tt> maps for <tt><font size=+1>−m<br>
|
|
/lib/map/*.x</font></tt> map indexes<br>
|
|
<tt><font size=+1>mapd</font></tt> Map driver program<br>
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p><font size=+1><b>SOURCE </b></font><br>
|
|
|
|
<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
|
|
|
|
<tt><font size=+1>/usr/local/plan9/src/cmd/map<br>
|
|
</font></tt>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p><font size=+1><b>SEE ALSO </b></font><br>
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|
|
|
<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
|
|
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|
<a href="../man7/map.html"><i>map</i>(7)</a>, <a href="../man1/plot.html"><i>plot</i>(1)</a><br>
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p><font size=+1><b>DIAGNOSTICS </b></font><br>
|
|
|
|
<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
|
|
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|
‘Map seems to be empty’--a coarse survey found zero extent within
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|
the <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt> bounds; for maps of limited extent the grid resolution,
|
|
<i>res</i>, or the limits may have to be refined.<br>
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|
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p><font size=+1><b>BUGS </b></font><br>
|
|
|
|
<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
|
|
|
|
Windows (option <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt>) cannot cross the Date Line. No borders appear
|
|
along edges arising from visibility limits. Segments that cross
|
|
a border are dropped, not clipped. Excessively large scale or
|
|
<tt><font size=+1>−d</font></tt> setting may cause long line segments to be dropped. <i>Map</i> tries
|
|
to draw grid lines dotted and <tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt> tracks dot-dashed. As
|
|
very few plotting filters properly support curved textured lines,
|
|
these lines are likely to appear solid. The west-longitude-positive
|
|
convention betrays Yankee chauvinism. <i>Gilbert</i> should be a map
|
|
from sphere to sphere, independent of the mapping from sphere
|
|
to plane.<br>
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<td width=20>
|
|
<tr height=20><td>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- TRAILER -->
|
|
<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=100%>
|
|
<tr height=15><td width=10><td><td width=10>
|
|
<tr><td><td>
|
|
<center>
|
|
<a href="../../"><img src="../../dist/spaceglenda100.png" alt="Space Glenda" border=1></a>
|
|
</center>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- TRAILER -->
|
|
</body></html>
|